How will the labor market shift as AI becomes more capable and physically embodied (through wages, bargaining power, task composition, and unemployment risk)? Are fears of a “permanent under/overclass” well founded? Would the underclass that the AI creates be the same as the proletariat?

Is it politically productive to treat software engineers as “workers” despite their relative privilege? As argued in From Manchester to Barcelona, tech profits come from the combined work of many different groups of people (engineers, content moderators, data labelers, logistics workers), but ownership and control stay concentrated in a small group. Given that structure, what forms of organizing could build solidarity across engineers, contractors, data labelers, and platform workers?